XeTeX

Installation

sudo apt-get install texlive-xetex fonts-lmodern

Ttf font example

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}

\begin{document}
Тест
\end{document}

Generating pdf output

xelatex in.tex

Conditional compilation

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{ifxetex}

\ifxetex
  \usepackage{fontspec}
  \defaultfontfeatures{Ligatures=TeX} % To support LaTeX quoting style
  \setromanfont{Hoefler Text}
\else
  \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\fi

\begin{document}
Тест
\end{document}